REPRODUCTION

 

Hump Back Mom And Calf


The reproductive pattern of marine mammals are not radically different from those of their terrestrial relatives in many ways. All marine mammals young are precocial meaning that they are well developed when they are born. 

Cetaceans and sirenians are the only group of marine mammals that undertake all of their reproductive activities in water. Cetacean and sirenian new-borns are capable of swimming as soon as they exit the womb.                

Pinnipeds, marine otters and polar bear all mate and gave birth on land (with few minor expectations).Seals and other marine mammals generally required a bit of learning before they are ready to tackle the marine environment.

The gestation period of most marine mammal species is around one year, and in pinnipeds there is a period of delayed implantation of the embryo, which allows for annual reproduction when the natural gestation period may only be 8-9 months.

The length of lactation is highly variable, lasting from only a few days in some seals to many years in toothed whales.

While seasonal breeding is the rule in all temperature, only a single new-born is born to most marine mammal species under normal circumstances and twinning is considered rare.

Some of the marine species are unusual among mammals in having a post reproductive period or period of reproductive senescence) in females. Generally, this occurs in some of the longer-lived toothed cetaceans. Other species may reproduce until they die.



Reproductive Tract of  Seals
(A) Otariid
(B) Phocid



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